![]() ![]() In addition, the quantitative analyses of morphological parameters, sugars consumption, and by-products formation were performed. The influence of microparticles on the production of lovastatin, penicillin G, oxytetracycline, and laccase in co-cultures was compared with the effects recorded for the corresponding monocultures. ![]() The filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus was co-cultivated with Penicillium rubens, Streptomyces rimosus, or Cerrena unicolor in shake flasks with or without the addition of aluminum oxide microparticles. In the present work, the approaches of submerged co-cultivation and microparticle-enhanced cultivation (MPEC) were combined and evaluated over the course of three case studies. oryzae in bioreactors, and the controlling strategy developed in this study could potentially be extended to an industrial scale for RML production with high efficiency. This work has established a stable precision fermentation bioprocess for RML production by A. ![]() Moreover, this optimized fermentation bioprocess was successfully scaled up to a 50 L bioreactor, and the RML activity reached 550.0 U/mL. Furthermore, the optimized fermentation strategy was verified by a high-yield Aspergillus oryzae and achieved an additional improvement of RML activity, up to 320.0 U/mL. Then, the initial nitrogen source and agitation strategies were optimized to regulate the morphology of Aspergillus oryzae in a 5 L bioreactor, and the established stable fermentation system increased the RML activity to 232.0 U/mL, combined with an increase in total RML activity from 98,080 U to 487,179 U. First, the inoculated spore concentrations were optimized in seed culture, and the RML activity increased by 43.4% with the well-controlled mycelium pellets in both ideal sizes and concentrations. In this study, we investigated the controlling strategies of morphology that improved the efficiency of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) production using a high-yield Aspergillus oryzae. Morphology plays an important role in the fermentation bioprocess of filamentous fungi. The amalgamation of these two processes was accomplished by means of a statistical formalism. (3) Both physical (ROS-induced carbonyl radicals) and biological (protein modifications) processes are imbedded in the Protein Carbonylation Yield. ![]() coli, thus accounting for its extraordinary radioresistance. radiodurans is nearly one order of magnitude higher than in E. Therefore, it is a signature of the higher efficiency of the PC neutralization process. radiodurans reaches a maximum at a dose interval corresponding to the repairing shoulder. Among the plethora of information and conclusions derived from the present study, those endowed with higher conceptual degree, vis-à-vis the “Primacy of Proteome over Genome” concept, are as follows: (1) the ROS neutralization process in D. These highly relevant magnitudes, associated with key radiosensitivity and radioresistance issues, are addressed and discussed in this study. radiodurans were the input for a phenomenological approach, where the radiobiological magnitudes PP and PN, the probabilities for production of protein damage and ROS neutralization, respectively, were also analytically deduced. Shown in the present study is the fact that the fate of proteins functionality is determined by the magnitude of the Protein Carbonylation Yield (YPC), a quantity here analytically defined using published YPC numerical results. Protective entities present in the cytosol, moieties smaller than 3 kDa, shield the Proteome against ROS, yielding protection against carbonylation. The production of ROS induces protective reactions rendering them non-reactive forms. The bio-models used in that study were the radiosensitive Escherichia coli and the extraordinarily robust Deinococcus radiodurans. However, when exposure to radiation takes place, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) from water radiolysis induce protein carbonylation (PC), an irreversible oxidative Proteome damage. According to that finding, genome integrity would require an actively functioning Proteome. The study of radiosensitivity and radioresistance of organisms exposed to ionizing radiation has acquired additional relevance since a new bio-concept, coined as The primacy of Proteome over Genome, was proposed and demonstrated elsewhere a few years ago. ![]()
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